Evaporators work by separating the intake water in into two separate streams, one of high quality and the other composed of concentrated waste, which at times approach’s complete dryness in order to get the most water as possible out of the contaminates.
To evaporate water without large energy costs, the process is being conducted under a vacuum rather than ambient atmospheric pressures. This is due to waters boiling at different pressures. The chart below shows a breakdown of boiling points over a range of pressures. This property is levered in the evaporation process to save costs and provide greater efficiency. Since the intake water will not be free of contaminates the boiling points will tend to be higher in real world scenarios Evaporators are separated into three main types:
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